1.Material Selection:

Begin with high-quality NiTi alloy, which is a combination of nickel and titanium. This alloy is chosen for its unique properties, including superelasticity and shape memory.

2.Cold Working (Formation of Precursor by our machine DH-MC002/003):

The NiTi alloy is initially processed through cold working to form the precursor of the endodontic file. Cold working involves processes like drawing and shaping the alloy at room temperature to achieve the desired file dimensions by our grinding machine.

3.Austenitic Phase Formation:

The NiTi alloy is then subjected to heat treatment to induce an austenitic phase transformation. This involves heating the alloy to a specific temperature range, typically above its austenite finish temperature.

4.Quenching:

After reaching the desired temperature, the material is rapidly cooled through quenching. This rapid cooling helps to “freeze” the austenitic phase in the NiTi alloy, locking in the desired properties.

5.Martensitic Phase Formation:

The quenched NiTi alloy undergoes a martensitic phase transformation during the cooling process. This transformation imparts superelasticity and shape memory to the material.

6.Tempering:

In some cases, a tempering process may follow to achieve the desired balance of strength and flexibility. Tempering involves reheating the material to a lower temperature and then cooling it again.

7.Final Processing:

The treated NiTi alloy is then further processed to create the specific design of the endodontic file. This may involve additional mechanical machining, grinding, or other finishing processes to achieve the desired shape and characteristics.

8.Quality Control:

Rigorous quality control measures are implemented throughout the manufacturing process to ensure that each endodontic file meets industry standards and specifications.

By carefully controlling the temperature during the heat treatment process, manufacturers can tailor the mechanical properties of the NiTi alloy to create endodontic files with the ideal balance of flexibility, strength, and resistance to cyclic fatigue. The precise details of the heat treatment process may vary among manufacturers, and advancements in technology continue to refine these processes for improved performance.